Merge tag 'docs-6.14' of git://git.lwn.net/linux

Pull Documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:

 - Quite a bit of Chinese and Spanish translation work

 - Clarifying that Git commit IDs >12chars are OK

 - A new nvme-multipath document

 - A reorganization of the admin-guide top-level page to make it
   readable

 - Clarification of the role of Acked-by and maintainer discretion on
   their acceptance

 - Some reorganization of debugging-oriented docs

... and typo fixes, documentation updates, etc as usual

* tag 'docs-6.14' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (50 commits)
  Documentation: Fix x86_64 UEFI outdated references to elilo
  Documentation/sysctl: Add timer_migration to kernel.rst
  docs/mm: Physical memory: Remove zone_t
  docs: submitting-patches: clarify that signers may use their discretion on tags
  docs: submitting-patches: clarify difference between Acked-by and Reviewed-by
  docs: submitting-patches: clarify Acked-by and introduce "# Suffix"
  Documentation: bug-hunting.rst: remove odd contact information
  docs/zh_CN: Add sak index Chinese translation
  doc: module: DEFAULT_SYMBOL_NAMESPACE must be defined before #includes
  doc: module: Fix documented type of namespace
  Documentation/kernel-parameters: Fix a reference to vga-softcursor.rst
  docs/zh_CN: Add landlock index Chinese translation
  Documentation: Fix typo localmodonfig -> localmodconfig
  overlayfs.rst: Fix and improve grammar
  docs/zh_CN: Add siphash index Chinese translation
  docs/zh_CN: Add security IMA-templates Chinese translation
  docs/zh_CN: Add security digsig Chinese translation
  Align git commit ID abbreviation guidelines and checks
  docs: process: submitting-patches: split canonical patch format section
  docs/zh_CN: Add security lsm Chinese translation
  ...

Documentation/accounting/taskstats-struct.rst

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ should not change the relative position of each field within the struct.
 1) Common and basic accounting fields::
 
 	/* The version number of this struct. This field is always set to
-	 * TAKSTATS_VERSION, which is defined in <linux/taskstats.h>.
+	 * TASKSTATS_VERSION, which is defined in <linux/taskstats.h>.
 	 * Each time the struct is changed, the value should be incremented.
 	 */
 	__u16	version;

Documentation/admin-guide/README.rst

@@ -356,5 +356,5 @@ instructions at 'Documentation/admin-guide/reporting-issues.rst'.
 
 Hints on understanding kernel bug reports are in
 'Documentation/admin-guide/bug-hunting.rst'. More on debugging the kernel
-with gdb is in 'Documentation/dev-tools/gdb-kernel-debugging.rst' and
-'Documentation/dev-tools/kgdb.rst'.
+with gdb is in 'Documentation/process/debugging/gdb-kernel-debugging.rst' and
+'Documentation/process/debugging/kgdb.rst'.

Documentation/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.rst

@@ -121,14 +121,14 @@ compression algorithm to use external pre-trained dictionary, pass full
 path to the `dict` along with other parameters::
 
 	#pass path to pre-trained zstd dictionary
-	echo "algo=zstd dict=/etc/dictioary" > /sys/block/zram0/algorithm_params
+	echo "algo=zstd dict=/etc/dictionary" > /sys/block/zram0/algorithm_params
 
 	#same, but using algorithm priority
-	echo "priority=1 dict=/etc/dictioary" > \
+	echo "priority=1 dict=/etc/dictionary" > \
 		/sys/block/zram0/algorithm_params
 
 	#pass path to pre-trained zstd dictionary and compression level
-	echo "algo=zstd level=8 dict=/etc/dictioary" > \
+	echo "algo=zstd level=8 dict=/etc/dictionary" > \
 		/sys/block/zram0/algorithm_params
 
 Parameters are algorithm specific: not all algorithms support pre-trained

Documentation/admin-guide/braille-console.rst

@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ override the baud rate to 115200, etc.
 By default, the braille device will just show the last kernel message (console
 mode).  To review previous messages, press the Insert key to switch to the VT
 review mode.  In review mode, the arrow keys permit to browse in the VT content,
-:kbd:`PAGE-UP`/:kbd:`PAGE-DOWN` keys go at the top/bottom of the screen, and
-the :kbd:`HOME` key goes back
+`PAGE-UP`/`PAGE-DOWN` keys go at the top/bottom of the screen, and
+the `HOME` key goes back
 to the cursor, hence providing very basic screen reviewing facility.
 
 Sound feedback can be obtained by adding the ``braille_console.sound=1`` kernel

Documentation/admin-guide/bug-hunting.rst

@@ -368,12 +368,3 @@ processed by ``klogd``::
 	Aug 29 09:51:01 blizard kernel: Call Trace: [oops:_oops_ioctl+48/80] [_sys_ioctl+254/272] [_system_call+82/128]
 	Aug 29 09:51:01 blizard kernel: Code: c7 00 05 00 00 00 eb 08 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 89 ec 5d c3
 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-::
-
-  Dr. G.W. Wettstein           Oncology Research Div. Computing Facility
-  Roger Maris Cancer Center    INTERNET: greg@wind.rmcc.com
-  820 4th St. N.
-  Fargo, ND  58122
-  Phone: 701-234-7556

Documentation/admin-guide/index.rst

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ added to the kernel over time.  There is, as yet, little overall order or
 organization here — this material was not written to be a single, coherent
 document!  With luck things will improve quickly over time.
 
+General guides to kernel administration
+---------------------------------------
+
 This initial section contains overall information, including the README
 file describing the kernel as a whole, documentation on kernel parameters,
 etc.
@@ -15,19 +18,44 @@ etc.
    :maxdepth: 1
 
    README
-   kernel-parameters
    devices
-   sysctl/index
 
-   abi
    features
 
-This section describes CPU vulnerabilities and their mitigations.
+A big part of the kernel's administrative interface is the /proc and sysfs
+virtual filesystems; these documents describe how to interact with tem
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   sysfs-rules
+   sysctl/index
+   cputopology
+   abi
+
+Security-related documentation:
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
    hw-vuln/index
+   LSM/index
+   perf-security
+
+Booting the kernel
+------------------
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   bootconfig
+   kernel-parameters
+   efi-stub
+   initrd
+
+
+Tracking down and identifying problems
+--------------------------------------
 
 Here is a set of documents aimed at users who are trying to track down
 problems and bugs in particular.
@@ -48,94 +76,120 @@ problems and bugs in particular.
    kdump/index
    perf/index
    pstore-blk
+   clearing-warn-once
+   kernel-per-CPU-kthreads
+   lockup-watchdogs
+   RAS/index
+   sysrq
 
-This is the beginning of a section with information of interest to
-application developers.  Documents covering various aspects of the kernel
-ABI will be found here.
+
+Core-kernel subsystems
+----------------------
+
+These documents describe core-kernel administration interfaces that are
+likely to be of interest on almost any system.
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
-   sysfs-rules
+   cgroup-v2
+   cgroup-v1/index
+   cpu-load
+   mm/index
+   module-signing
+   namespaces/index
+   numastat
+   pm/index
+   syscall-user-dispatch
 
-This is the beginning of a section with information of interest to
-application developers and system integrators doing analysis of the
-Linux kernel for safety critical applications. Documents supporting
-analysis of kernel interactions with applications, and key kernel
-subsystems expectations will be found here.
+Support for non-native binary formats.  Note that some of these
+documents are ... old ...
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
-   workload-tracing
+   binfmt-misc
+   java
+   mono
+
 
-The rest of this manual consists of various unordered guides on how to
-configure specific aspects of kernel behavior to your liking.
+Block-layer and filesystem administration
+-----------------------------------------
 
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 1
 
-   acpi/index
-   aoe/index
-   auxdisplay/index
    bcache
    binderfs
-   binfmt-misc
    blockdev/index
-   bootconfig
-   braille-console
-   btmrvl
-   cgroup-v1/index
-   cgroup-v2
    cifs/index
-   clearing-warn-once
-   cpu-load
-   cputopology
-   dell_rbu
    device-mapper/index
-   edid
-   efi-stub
    ext4
    filesystem-monitoring
    nfs/index
-   gpio/index
-   highuid
-   hw_random
-   initrd
    iostats
-   java
    jfs
-   kernel-per-CPU-kthreads
+   md
+   ufs
+   xfs
+
+Device-specific guides
+----------------------
+
+How to configure your hardware within your Linux system.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   acpi/index
+   aoe/index
+   auxdisplay/index
+   braille-console
+   btmrvl
+   dell_rbu
+   edid
+   gpio/index
+   hw_random
    laptops/index
    lcd-panel-cgram
-   ldm
-   lockup-watchdogs
-   LSM/index
-   md
    media/index
-   mm/index
-   module-signing
-   mono
-   namespaces/index
-   numastat
+   nvme-multipath
    parport
-   perf-security
-   pm/index
    pnp
    rapidio
-   RAS/index
    rtc
    serial-console
    svga
-   syscall-user-dispatch
-   sysrq
    thermal/index
    thunderbolt
-   ufs
-   unicode
    vga-softcursor
    video-output
-   xfs
+
+Workload analysis
+-----------------
+
+This is the beginning of a section with information of interest to
+application developers and system integrators doing analysis of the
+Linux kernel for safety critical applications. Documents supporting
+analysis of kernel interactions with applications, and key kernel
+subsystems expectations will be found here.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   workload-tracing
+
+Everything else
+---------------
+
+A few hard-to-categorize and generally obsolete documents.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 1
+
+   highuid
+   ldm
+   unicode
 
 .. only::  subproject and html
 

Documentation/admin-guide/kernel-parameters.txt

@@ -7777,7 +7777,7 @@
 	vt.cur_default=	[VT] Default cursor shape.
 			Format: 0xCCBBAA, where AA, BB, and CC are the same as
 			the parameters of the <Esc>[?A;B;Cc escape sequence;
-			see VGA-softcursor.txt. Default: 2 = underline.
+			see vga-softcursor.rst. Default: 2 = underline.
 
 	vt.default_blu=	[VT]
 			Format: <blue0>,<blue1>,<blue2>,...,<blue15>

Documentation/admin-guide/nvme-multipath.rst

+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+====================
+Linux NVMe multipath
+====================
+
+This document describes NVMe multipath and its path selection policies supported
+by the Linux NVMe host driver.
+
+
+Introduction
+============
+
+The NVMe multipath feature in Linux integrates namespaces with the same
+identifier into a single block device. Using multipath enhances the reliability
+and stability of I/O access while improving bandwidth performance. When a user
+sends I/O to this merged block device, the multipath mechanism selects one of
+the underlying block devices (paths) according to the configured policy.
+Different policies result in different path selections.
+
+
+Policies
+========
+
+All policies follow the ANA (Asymmetric Namespace Access) mechanism, meaning
+that when an optimized path is available, it will be chosen over a non-optimized
+one. Current the NVMe multipath policies include numa(default), round-robin and
+queue-depth.
+
+To set the desired policy (e.g., round-robin), use one of the following methods:
+   1. echo -n "round-robin" > /sys/module/nvme_core/parameters/iopolicy
+   2. or add the "nvme_core.iopolicy=round-robin" to cmdline.
+
+
+NUMA
+----
+
+The NUMA policy selects the path closest to the NUMA node of the current CPU for
+I/O distribution. This policy maintains the nearest paths to each NUMA node
+based on network interface connections.
+
+When to use the NUMA policy:
+  1. Multi-core Systems: Optimizes memory access in multi-core and
+     multi-processor systems, especially under NUMA architecture.
+  2. High Affinity Workloads: Binds I/O processing to the CPU to reduce
+     communication and data transfer delays across nodes.
+
+
+Round-Robin
+-----------
+
+The round-robin policy distributes I/O requests evenly across all paths to
+enhance throughput and resource utilization. Each I/O operation is sent to the
+next path in sequence.
+
+When to use the round-robin policy:
+  1. Balanced Workloads: Effective for balanced and predictable workloads with
+     similar I/O size and type.
+  2. Homogeneous Path Performance: Utilizes all paths efficiently when
+     performance characteristics (e.g., latency, bandwidth) are similar.
+
+
+Queue-Depth
+-----------
+
+The queue-depth policy manages I/O requests based on the current queue depth
+of each path, selecting the path with the least number of in-flight I/Os.
+
+When to use the queue-depth policy:
+  1. High load with small I/Os: Effectively balances load across paths when
+     the load is high, and I/O operations consist of small, relatively
+     fixed-sized requests.

Documentation/admin-guide/quickly-build-trimmed-linux.rst

@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@ can easily happen that your self-built kernel will lack modules for tasks you
 did not perform before utilizing this make target. That's because those tasks
 require kernel modules that are normally autoloaded when you perform that task
 for the first time; if you didn't perform that task at least once before using
-localmodonfig, the latter will thus assume these modules are superfluous and
+localmodconfig, the latter will thus assume these modules are superfluous and
 disable them.
 
 You can try to avoid this by performing typical tasks that often will autoload

Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/fs.rst

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pre-allocation or re-sizing of any kernel data structures.
 dentry-negative
 ----------------------------
 
-Policy for negative dentries. Set to 1 to to always delete the dentry when a
+Policy for negative dentries. Set to 1 to always delete the dentry when a
 file is removed, and 0 to disable it. By default, this behavior is disabled.
 
 dentry-state

Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/kernel.rst

@@ -1544,6 +1544,13 @@ constant ``FUTEX_TID_MASK`` (0x3fffffff).
 If a value outside of this range is written to ``threads-max`` an
 ``EINVAL`` error occurs.
 
+timer_migration
+===============
+
+When set to a non-zero value, attempt to migrate timers away from idle cpus to
+allow them to remain in low power states longer.
+
+Default is set (1).
 
 traceoff_on_warning
 ===================

Documentation/admin-guide/sysrq.rst

@@ -49,26 +49,26 @@ How do I use the magic SysRq key?
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 On x86
-	You press the key combo :kbd:`ALT-SysRq-<command key>`.
+	You press the key combo `ALT-SysRq-<command key>`.
 
 	.. note::
 	   Some
            keyboards may not have a key labeled 'SysRq'. The 'SysRq' key is
            also known as the 'Print Screen' key. Also some keyboards cannot
 	   handle so many keys being pressed at the same time, so you might
-	   have better luck with press :kbd:`Alt`, press :kbd:`SysRq`,
-	   release :kbd:`SysRq`, press :kbd:`<command key>`, release everything.
+	   have better luck with press `Alt`, press `SysRq`,
+	   release `SysRq`, press `<command key>`, release everything.
 
 On SPARC
-	You press :kbd:`ALT-STOP-<command key>`, I believe.
+	You press `ALT-STOP-<command key>`, I believe.
 
 On the serial console (PC style standard serial ports only)
         You send a ``BREAK``, then within 5 seconds a command key. Sending
         ``BREAK`` twice is interpreted as a normal BREAK.
 
 On PowerPC
-	Press :kbd:`ALT - Print Screen` (or :kbd:`F13`) - :kbd:`<command key>`.
-        :kbd:`Print Screen` (or :kbd:`F13`) - :kbd:`<command key>` may suffice.
+	Press `ALT - Print Screen` (or `F13`) - `<command key>`.
+        `Print Screen` (or `F13`) - `<command key>` may suffice.
 
 On other
 	If you know of the key combos for other architectures, please
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ On all
 
 		echo _reisub > /proc/sysrq-trigger
 
-The :kbd:`<command key>` is case sensitive.
+The `<command key>` is case sensitive.
 
 What are the 'command' keys?
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -225,9 +225,9 @@ Sometimes SysRq seems to get 'stuck' after using it, what can I do?
 
 When this happens, try tapping shift, alt and control on both sides of the
 keyboard, and hitting an invalid sysrq sequence again. (i.e., something like
-:kbd:`alt-sysrq-z`).
+`alt-sysrq-z`).
 
-Switching to another virtual console (:kbd:`ALT+Fn`) and then back again
+Switching to another virtual console (`ALT+Fn`) and then back again
 should also help.
 
 I hit SysRq, but nothing seems to happen, what's wrong?
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ exception the header line from the sysrq command is passed to all console
 consumers as if the current loglevel was maximum.  If only the header
 is emitted it is almost certain that the kernel loglevel is too low.
 Should you require the output on the console channel then you will need
-to temporarily up the console loglevel using :kbd:`alt-sysrq-8` or::
+to temporarily up the console loglevel using `alt-sysrq-8` or::
 
     echo 8 > /proc/sysrq-trigger
 

Documentation/admin-guide/verify-bugs-and-bisect-regressions.rst

@@ -1431,7 +1431,7 @@ can easily happen that your self-built kernels will lack modules for tasks you
 did not perform at least once before utilizing this make target. That happens
 when a task requires kernel modules which are only autoloaded when you execute
 it for the first time. So when you never performed that task since starting your
-kernel the modules will not have been loaded -- and from localmodonfig's point
+kernel the modules will not have been loaded -- and from localmodconfig's point
 of view look superfluous, which thus disables them to reduce the amount of code
 to be compiled.
 

Documentation/arch/x86/boot.rst

@@ -229,8 +229,8 @@ Offset/Size	Proto		Name			Meaning
 ===========	========	=====================	============================================
 
 .. note::
-  (1) For backwards compatibility, if the setup_sects field contains 0, the
-      real value is 4.
+     (1) For backwards compatibility, if the setup_sects field contains 0,
+         the real value is 4.
 
      (2) For boot protocol prior to 2.04, the upper two bytes of the syssize
          field are unusable, which means the size of a bzImage kernel
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ Protocol:	2.10+
   If a boot loader makes use of this field, it should update the
   kernel_alignment field with the alignment unit desired; typically::
 
-	kernel_alignment = 1 << min_alignment
+   kernel_alignment = 1 << min_alignment;
 
   There may be a considerable performance cost with an excessively
   misaligned kernel.  Therefore, a loader should typically try each
@@ -754,7 +754,7 @@ Protocol:	2.07+
   0x00000000	The default x86/PC environment
   0x00000001	lguest
   0x00000002	Xen
-  0x00000003	Moorestown MID
+  0x00000003	Intel MID (Moorestown, CloverTrail, Merrifield, Moorefield)
   0x00000004	CE4100 TV Platform
   ==========	==============================
 
@@ -809,11 +809,11 @@ Protocol:	2.09+
   as follow::
 
    struct setup_data {
-		u64 next;
-		u32 type;
-		u32 len;
-		u8  data[0];
-	};
+   	__u64 next;
+   	__u32 type;
+   	__u32 len;
+   	__u8 data[];
+   }
    
   Where, the next is a 64-bit physical pointer to the next node of
   linked list, the next field of the last node is 0; the type is used
@@ -850,15 +850,15 @@ Protocol:	2.09+
   In this case setup_data and setup_indirect will look like this::
 
    struct setup_data {
-      __u64 next = 0 or <addr_of_next_setup_data_struct>;
-      __u32 type = SETUP_INDIRECT;
-      __u32 len = sizeof(setup_indirect);
-      __u8 data[sizeof(setup_indirect)] = struct setup_indirect {
-        __u32 type = SETUP_INDIRECT | SETUP_E820_EXT;
-        __u32 reserved = 0;
-        __u64 len = <len_of_SETUP_E820_EXT_data>;
-        __u64 addr = <addr_of_SETUP_E820_EXT_data>;
-      }
+   	.next = 0,	/* or <addr_of_next_setup_data_struct> */
+   	.type = SETUP_INDIRECT,
+   	.len = sizeof(setup_indirect),
+   	.data[sizeof(setup_indirect)] = (struct setup_indirect) {
+   		.type = SETUP_INDIRECT | SETUP_E820_EXT,
+   		.reserved = 0,
+   		.len = <len_of_SETUP_E820_EXT_data>,
+   		.addr = <addr_of_SETUP_E820_EXT_data>,
+   	},
    }
 
 .. note::
@@ -938,12 +938,12 @@ The kernel_info
 ===============
 
 The relationships between the headers are analogous to the various data
-sections:
+sections::
 
   setup_header = .data
   boot_params/setup_data = .bss
 
-What is missing from the above list? That's right:
+What is missing from the above list? That's right::
 
   kernel_info = .rodata
 
@@ -1141,9 +1141,8 @@ Such a boot loader should enter the following fields in the header::
 
   unsigned long base_ptr;	/* base address for real-mode segment */
 
-	if ( setup_sects == 0 ) {
+  if (setup_sects == 0)
   	setup_sects = 4;
-	}
 
   if (protocol >= 0x0200) {
   	type_of_loader = <type code>;
@@ -1179,9 +1178,7 @@ Such a boot loader should enter the following fields in the header::
   	cmd_line_magic	= 0xA33F;
   	cmd_line_offset = heap_end;
 
-		/* A very old kernel MUST have its real-mode code
-		   loaded at 0x90000 */
-
+  	/* A very old kernel MUST have its real-mode code loaded at 0x90000 */
   	if (base_ptr != 0x90000) {
   		/* Copy the real-mode kernel */
   		memcpy(0x90000, base_ptr, (setup_sects + 1) * 512);
@@ -1191,8 +1188,7 @@ Such a boot loader should enter the following fields in the header::
   	strcpy(0x90000 + cmd_line_offset, cmdline);
 
   	/* It is recommended to clear memory up to the 32K mark */
-		memset(0x90000 + (setup_sects+1)*512, 0,
-		       (64-(setup_sects+1))*512);
+  	memset(0x90000 + (setup_sects + 1) * 512, 0, (64 - (setup_sects + 1)) * 512);
   }
 
 
@@ -1210,10 +1206,11 @@ bit (LOAD_HIGH) in the loadflags field is set::
   is_bzImage = (protocol >= 0x0200) && (loadflags & 0x01);
   load_address = is_bzImage ? 0x100000 : 0x10000;
 
-Note that Image/zImage kernels can be up to 512K in size, and thus use
-the entire 0x10000-0x90000 range of memory.  This means it is pretty
-much a requirement for these kernels to load the real-mode part at
-0x90000.  bzImage kernels allow much more flexibility.
+.. note::
+     Image/zImage kernels can be up to 512K in size, and thus use the entire
+     0x10000-0x90000 range of memory.  This means it is pretty much a
+     requirement for these kernels to load the real-mode part at 0x90000.
+     bzImage kernels allow much more flexibility.
 
 Special Command Line Options
 ============================
@@ -1282,9 +1279,10 @@ es = ss.
 
 In our example from above, we would do::
 
-	/* Note: in the case of the "old" kernel protocol, base_ptr must
-	   be == 0x90000 at this point; see the previous sample code */
-
+  /*
+   * Note: in the case of the "old" kernel protocol, base_ptr must
+   * be == 0x90000 at this point; see the previous sample code.
+   */
   seg = base_ptr >> 4;
 
   cli();			/* Enter with interrupts disabled! */
@@ -1427,7 +1425,7 @@ execution context provided by the EFI firmware.
 
 The function prototype for the handover entry point looks like this::
 
-    efi_stub_entry(void *handle, efi_system_table_t *table, struct boot_params *bp)
+  void efi_stub_entry(void *handle, efi_system_table_t *table, struct boot_params *bp);
 
 'handle' is the EFI image handle passed to the boot loader by the EFI
 firmware, 'table' is the EFI system table - these are the first two
@@ -1442,7 +1440,8 @@ The boot loader *must* fill out the following fields in bp::
 
 All other fields should be zero.
 
-NOTE: The EFI Handover Protocol is deprecated in favour of the ordinary PE/COFF
+.. note::
+     The EFI Handover Protocol is deprecated in favour of the ordinary PE/COFF
      entry point, combined with the LINUX_EFI_INITRD_MEDIA_GUID based initrd
      loading protocol (refer to [0] for an example of the bootloader side of
      this), which removes the need for any knowledge on the part of the EFI

Documentation/arch/x86/x86_64/uefi.rst

@@ -12,14 +12,20 @@ with EFI firmware and specifications are listed below.
 
 1. UEFI specification:  http://www.uefi.org
 
-2. Booting Linux kernel on UEFI x86_64 platform requires bootloader
-   support. Elilo with x86_64 support can be used.
+2. Booting Linux kernel on UEFI x86_64 platform can either be
+   done using the <Documentation/admin-guide/efi-stub.rst> or using a
+   separate bootloader.
 
 3. x86_64 platform with EFI/UEFI firmware.
 
 Mechanics
 ---------
 
+Refer to <Documentation/admin-guide/efi-stub.rst> to learn how to use the EFI stub.
+
+Below are general EFI setup guidelines on the x86_64 platform,
+regardless of whether you use the EFI stub or a separate bootloader.
+
 - Build the kernel with the following configuration::
 
 	CONFIG_FB_EFI=y
@@ -31,16 +37,27 @@ Mechanics
 	CONFIG_EFI=y
 	CONFIG_EFIVAR_FS=y or m		# optional
 
-- Create a VFAT partition on the disk
-- Copy the following to the VFAT partition:
+- Create a VFAT partition on the disk with the EFI System flag
+    You can do this with fdisk with the following commands:
+
+        1. g - initialize a GPT partition table
+        2. n - create a new partition
+        3. t - change the partition type to "EFI System" (number 1)
+        4. w - write and save the changes
+
+    Afterwards, initialize the VFAT filesystem by running mkfs::
+
+        mkfs.fat /dev/<your-partition>
+
+- Copy the boot files to the VFAT partition:
+    If you use the EFI stub method, the kernel acts also as an EFI executable.
+
+    You can just copy the bzImage to the EFI/boot/bootx64.efi path on the partition
+    so that it will automatically get booted, see the <Documentation/admin-guide/efi-stub.rst> page
+    for additional instructions regarding passage of kernel parameters and initramfs.
 
-	elilo bootloader with x86_64 support, elilo configuration file,
-	kernel image built in first step and corresponding
-	initrd. Instructions on building elilo and its dependencies
-	can be found in the elilo sourceforge project.
+    If you use a custom bootloader, refer to the relevant documentation for help on this part.
 
-- Boot to EFI shell and invoke elilo choosing the kernel image built
-  in first step.
 - If some or all EFI runtime services don't work, you can try following
   kernel command line parameters to turn off some or all EFI runtime
   services.

Documentation/core-api/index.rst

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ Library functionality that is used throughout the kernel.
    floating-point
    union_find
    min_heap
+   parser
 
 Low level entry and exit
 ========================

Documentation/core-api/kref.rst

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Adding reference counters (krefs) to kernel objects
 ===================================================
 
 :Author: Corey Minyard <minyard@acm.org>
-:Author: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
+:Author: Thomas Hellström <thomas.hellstrom@linux.intel.com>
 
 A lot of this was lifted from Greg Kroah-Hartman's 2004 OLS paper and
 presentation on krefs, which can be found at:
@@ -321,3 +321,8 @@ rcu grace period after release_entry_rcu was called. That can be accomplished
 by using kfree_rcu(entry, rhead) as done above, or by calling synchronize_rcu()
 before using kfree, but note that synchronize_rcu() may sleep for a
 substantial amount of time.
+
+Functions and structures
+========================
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/kref.h

Documentation/core-api/parser.rst

+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
+
+==============
+Generic parser
+==============
+
+Overview
+========
+
+The generic parser is a simple parser for parsing mount options,
+filesystem options, driver options, subsystem options, etc.
+
+Parser API
+==========
+
+.. kernel-doc:: lib/parser.c
+   :export:

Documentation/core-api/symbol-namespaces.rst

@@ -41,9 +41,9 @@ entries.
 In addition to the macros EXPORT_SYMBOL() and EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(), that allow
 exporting of kernel symbols to the kernel symbol table, variants of these are
 available to export symbols into a certain namespace: EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS() and
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(). They take one additional argument: the namespace.
-Please note that due to macro expansion that argument needs to be a
-preprocessor symbol. E.g. to export the symbol ``usb_stor_suspend`` into the
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS_GPL(). They take one additional argument: the namespace as a
+string constant. Note that this string must not contain whitespaces.
+E.g. to export the symbol ``usb_stor_suspend`` into the
 namespace ``USB_STORAGE``, use::
 
 	EXPORT_SYMBOL_NS(usb_stor_suspend, "USB_STORAGE");
@@ -78,11 +78,10 @@ as this argument has preference over a default symbol namespace.
 A second option to define the default namespace is directly in the compilation
 unit as preprocessor statement. The above example would then read::
 
-	#undef  DEFAULT_SYMBOL_NAMESPACE
 	#define DEFAULT_SYMBOL_NAMESPACE "USB_COMMON"
 
-within the corresponding compilation unit before any EXPORT_SYMBOL macro is
-used.
+within the corresponding compilation unit before the #include for
+<linux/export.h>. Typically it's placed before the first #include statement.
 
 3. How to use Symbols exported in Namespaces
 ============================================

Documentation/dev-tools/index.rst

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ whole; patches welcome!
 A brief overview of testing-specific tools can be found in
 Documentation/dev-tools/testing-overview.rst
 
+Tools that are specific to debugging can be found in
+Documentation/process/debugging/index.rst
+
 .. toctree::
    :caption: Table of contents
    :maxdepth: 2
@@ -27,8 +30,6 @@ Documentation/dev-tools/testing-overview.rst
    kmemleak
    kcsan
    kfence
-   gdb-kernel-debugging
-   kgdb
    kselftest
    kunit/index
    ktap